Systematic Review: Efektivitas Edukasi Keluarga Terhadap Pengelolaan Hipertensi Pada Lansia
DOI: 10.29241/jmk.v11i1.2144Author
Permana Novi Wijayanty(1*)(1) Program Studi Magister Keperawatan, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto Indonesia
(1*) Corresponding Author
Full Text
Full Text: View / Download PDFArticle Metrics
Abstract View
: 4 times;
PDF 
Download : 3 times
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Hipertensi merupakan permasalahan kesehatan global dan mempunyai prevalensi tinggi terutama pada lansia. Untuk mengurangi angka kejadian hipertensi, perlu dukungan dari berbagai pihak terutama keluarga sebagai orang terdekat. Keluarga harus memahami dengan kejadian hipertensi. Keluarga tidak hanya bertindak sebagai pengawas atau pengingat terkait pengelolaan hipertensi pada lansia, tetapi bertindak sebagai motivator untuk perubahan pola hidup sehat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan edukasi kepada keluarga untuk mengelola hipertensi pada lansia. Edukasi keluarga dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dan penerapan pola hidup sehat. Systematic review ini dilaksanakan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA. Artikel yang digunakan diambil dari PubMed, Scopus,dan Google Scholar dengan rentang tahun 2014 – 2024. Artikel menggunakan studi Randomized Controlled Trial ( RCT ). Edukasi keluarga terbukti memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik rata-rata sebesar 10 – 15 mmHg, meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan, serta mendorong penerapan pola hidup sehat. Edukasi keluarga terbukti efektif dalam membantu pengelolaan hipertensi pada lansia. Implementasi strategi ini dalam praktik keperawatan memerlukan pendekatan berbasis bukti untuk memastikan keberlanjutan manfaat.
Kata Kunci: Edukasi keluarga, hipertensi, lansia, kepatuhan pengobatan, pola hidup sehat
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is a global health concern with a particular high prevalence among the elderly. Family support is essential to reduce the incidence of hypertension. Families need to understand the occurence of hypertension and act not only as supervisors but also serve as motivators for encouraging healthy lifestyle changes. Therefore, family education is crucial for managing hypertension in the elderly. The goal of family education is carried out to improve medication adherence and the adoption of healthy lifestyle practices. This systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. The articles were sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar published between 2014 – 2024. The articles included were Randomized Controlled Trials ( RCTs ). Family education has been shown to significantly reduce average systolic blood pressure by 10 – 15 mmHg, improve medication adherence, and promote the implementation of healthy lifestyle habits. This approach is effective in managing hypertension in the elderly and requires evidence-based strategies for sustained benefits.
Keywords: Family education, hypertension, elderly, medication adherence, healthy lifestyle
Keywords
References
Asadollahi Hamedani, M., Salar, A., & Kermansaravi, F. (2021). Effect of family-centered empowerment model on quality of life of patients with hypertension. Medical-Surgical Nursing Journal, 10(1), e117259.https://doi.org/10.5812/msnj.117259 Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.(2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Benetos, A., Petrovic, M., & Strandberg, T. (2019). Hypertension management in older and frail older patients. Circulation Research, 124(7), 1045-1060.https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313236 Chiang, K. J.,et al. (2019). The Effectiveness of Telehealth Programs on Self-Care in Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.International Journal of Nursing Studies, 92,1-15.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.12.009 Glanz, K.,Rimer, B.K.,&Viswanath, K. (2015). Health Behavior:Theory, research, and practice (5th ed).Jossey-Bass. Hassan, M., et al. (2018). Family support and behavioral change in hypertension management: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Hypertension Studies, 45(4), 345-353. Hedayati, B. (2018). Effect of family-based empowerment model on the self-efficacy of hypertensive elderly people. Iranian Journal of Ageing, 13(1), 86-97.
https://doi.org/10.21859/sija.13.1.86 Huang, S., Chen, Y., Zhou, J., & Wang, J. (2014). Use of family member-based supervision in the management of patients with hypertension in rural China. Patient Preference and Adherence, 8, 1035-1042. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S66777 Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2019). Hipertensi Penyakit Paling Banyak Diidap Masyarakat. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2022). Laporan Status Kesehatan Lansia di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Kim, S., & Lee, J. (2021). Family-based education improves hypertension management in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 118, 103907. Kusuma, D. R., Aryawangsa, P. D., Satyarsa, A. B. S., & Aryani, P. Edukasi penyakit hipertensi dan komplikasinya pada Posyandu lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mengwi I, Kabupaten Badung. JPKMI (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Indonesia, 19(02), 178-186. Lukman, M., Yamin, A., Cahyani, N. D., & Shalahuddin, I. (2024). Family support interventions that can improve efforts to prevent and control hypertension in the elderly: A narrative review. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 9(1), 585-596. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v9i1.2214 Maslakpak, M. H., Rezaei, B., & Parizad, N. (2018). Does family involvement in patient education improve hypertension management? A single-blind randomized, parallel group, controlled trial. Cogent Medicine, 5(1), 1537063.https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2018.1537063 Mirzaei, M., Mirzaei, M., Bagheri, B., & Dehghani, A. (2020). Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related factors in adult Iranian population. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 667. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08831-1 Nuraini, B. (2015). Risk factors of hypertension. J MAJORUTY, 4(6). Nguyen, P., et al. (2020). Randomized controlled trial of family involvement in hypertension management for elderly patients. Vietnam Journal of Public Health, 22(3), 89-95. Patel, R., et al. (2019). Effectiveness of family education in reducing blood pressure among elderly hypertensive patients: Results from an RCT. Indian Medical Journal, 44(5), 76-84. Peate, I., & Nair, M. (2018). At a Glance Anatomi dan Fisiologi. Jakarta: Erlangga. P2PTM Kemenkes RI. (2021, Mei 6). Hipertensi penyebab utama penyakit jantung, gagal ginjal, dan stroke. Retrieved from https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/artikel-sehat/hipertensi-penyebab-utama-penyakit-jantung-gagal-ginjal-dan-stroke Putra Apriadi Siregar. (2020). Promosi Kesehatan Lanjutan Dalam Teori dan Aplikasi. Prenada. Rahmawati, N., Fadilah, N., & Sari, D. (2020). The impact of family education on elderly hypertension management: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Practice, 5(2), 150-157. Ridwan, M., Yuwono, G. A., & Hanafi, M. (2017). Pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang hipertensi terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada penderita hipertensi di Kabupaten Magelang. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 12(1), 55-66.
https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jks.2017.12.1.687 Shen, Y., Peng, X., Wang, M., Zheng, X., Xu, G., Lü, L., Xu, K., Burstrom, B., Burstrom, K., & Wang, J. (2017). Family member-based supervision of patients with hypertension: A cluster randomized trial in rural China. Journal of Human Hypertension, 31(1), 29-36.
https://doi.org/10.1038/jhh.2016.8 Siahaan, R. H. B., Utomo, W., & Herlina. (2022). Hubungan dukungan keluarga dan efikasi diri dengan motivasi lansia hipertensi dalam mengontrol tekanan darah. Journal of Holistic Nursing and Health Science, 5(1), 43-53. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/hnhs
https://doi.org/10.14710/hnhs.5.1.2022.43-53 Syarif, S., & Rohkuswaraa, T. D. (2019). Hubungan obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi derajat 1 di Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular (Posbindu PTM).
https://doi.org/10.7454/epidkes.v1i2.1805 Taylor, J., et al. (2023). Family-based health education and blood pressure control in elderly hypertensive patients: A randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Nursing, 47(2), 123-134. Ukpabi, O. (2018). The eighth report of the joint national committee (JNC-VIII) on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: Matters arising. Nig J Cardiol, 14(1), 15-18.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.201909 Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., et al. (2018). 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 71(19), e127-e248.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006 World Health Organization. (2017). A Global Brief on Hypertension: Silent Killer, Global Public Health Crises. Geneva: WHO.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Permana Novi Wijayanty
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Email this article 
