Status Nutrisi Pasien dengan Stoma: Tinjauan Sistematik Nutritional Status in Stoma Patients : Systematic Review

DOI: 10.29241/jmk.v10i2.1927

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Anak Agung Istri Julia Tensadiani(1*)

(1) Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bangli, Bali
(1*) Corresponding Author

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Abstract

Sebanyak 650.000 orang Amerika Serikat memiliki kolostomi dan ileostomi yang merupakan operasi tambahan untuk membantu pasien memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi sehari-hari. Malnutrisi ditemukan sebanyak 24,2% pada pasien kanker kolorektal yang memiliki kolostomi. Untuk mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi status nutrisi pada pasien yang menjalani kolostomi dan ileostomi Pencarian menggunakan database PubMed, Sciencedirect, dan Cochrane dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci nutrition dan colostomy. Data kemudian dikumpulkan dan dilakukan penyaringan menggunakan bantuan Rayyan. Newcastle Ottawa Score digunakan seabgai alat untuk mengevaluasi risiko bias. Hasil: 6 artikel yang berisi 3 studi merupakan kohort dan 3 studi merupakan potong lintang dengan total 2534 sampel yang menjalani operasi ileostomi dan kolostomi. Luaran status nutrisi yang dievaluasi beragam, mulai dari berat badan, BMI, lingkar lengan, tricep skinfold, onset flatus, onset stoma output, hingga serum protein dan serum albumin. Penyakit yang mendasari, kebiasaan makan pasien, aktivitas fisik serta frekuensi pasien membersihkan stoma dan kepeduliannya terhadap penampilan adalah beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi status nutrisi pada pasien yang menjalani ileostomi dan kolostomi.


Keywords

Nutrisi, Stoma, Kolostomi

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